Read the 4th century B.C. writer Xenophon's mention of athletic contests during a religious festival in his account of an ancient Greek dinner party, the Symposium. Note: The Panatheneia was the Athenians' annual religious festival for the goddess Athena.
Read the 5th century B.C. historian Thucydides's description of the Spartan invasion of Elis and the breach of the Olympic truce in his History of the Peloponnesian War.