Go BackGo Forward

CHAPTER 6: PERSEUS RESOURCES AND DATABASES



The actual content of Perseus, its Resources, such as the Historical Overview, and its databases, such as Art and Archaeology, will be described in this chapter.

6.1 HISTORICAL OVERVIEW

A Historical Overview of Greek History was commissioned by the Perseus Project. Written by Professor Thomas Martin, the Overview is a narrative history of ancient Greece with emphasis on the Golden Age of Athens in the fifth century B.C.

The Historical Overview consists of two parts, a table of contents and a narrative section. Within the narrative, words and phrases in the text are linked to the primary text sources, images, maps, and plans that comprise Perseus. Each link may have more than one possible destination, chosen from a pop-up menu.

Use the Historical Overview to investigate interrelated items from a historical context.

To open this resource, click the Historical Overview icon on the Gateway or choose Historical Overview from the Links menu.

6.1.1 TABLE OF CONTENTS

The Historical Overview is divided into sixteen major sections:

1. Introduction to the Historical Overview in Perseus
2. Geographical and Historical Introduction
3. The Early Greek Dark Age and Revival in the Near East
4. Remaking Greek Civilization
5. The Archaic Age
6. The Late Archaic City-State
7. Introduction to Fifth-Century Greece
8. Clash Between Greeks and Persians
9. Athenian Empire in the Golden Age
10. Athenian Religious and Cultural Life in the Golden Age
11. Continuity and Change in Athenian Social and Intellectual History
12. The Peloponnesian War and Athenian Life
13. Introduction to Fourth-Century Greece
14. The Aftermath of the Peloponnesian War
15. New Directions in Philosophy and Education
16. The Creation of Macedonian Power

The Table of Contents (figure 6.1) shows the organization of topics within each section in outline form.

Figure 6.1 Historical Overview Table of Contents .

> Select a heading in the Table of Contents to read that topic.

To follow along with the example described in this guide, scroll down and select topic 9.1.5, The Rebellion of Thasos.

6.1.2 TOPICS

Each topic in the Historical Overview appears on a separate card. Topic 9.1.5, The Rebellion of Thasos, is depicted below (figure 6.2).

Figure 6.2 Topic 9.1.5, The Rebellion of Thasos.

Each topic card is titled "Thomas R. Martin, An Overview of Classical Greek History from Homer to Alexander." The topic's location in the outline is shown above the narrative; this area is active, meaning that you can click there to move from the current topic up to a section or sub-section. Below the main title bar are two buttons, used to return to the Table of Contents and to perform the action Hide Links/Unlock Text.

Click the right and left arrows on the Navigator Palette to move forward and backward in the Historical Overview.

Linked Text and Locked Text
A toggle button changes the state of the text between shown and hidden links and between locked and unlocked text. This button is named Hide Links/Unlock Text or Show Links/Lock Text, depending on the state of the toggle.

Narrative in the Historical Overview is linked thematically to other Perseus resources. Linked text is underlined in gray and appears when the text field is locked. Text may also be unlocked so that you can use the text select tool to select text. After selecting text, you can use the Links Menu to find connections in other resources, or you can use the Perseus Menu to add the card to a Perseus path with selected text. For more information, see chapter 4.5 on the Links Menu and chapter 10.2 on Paths.

> Click Hide Links/Unlock Text to disable the links to other Perseus resources.

Note that the name of the button changes (toggles). When text is unlocked, you can change as well as select the text on the screen. These changes are not permanent, and they disappear when you leave the card.

> Click Show Links/Lock Text to enable the links.

In figure 6.2, the phrase "case of the city-state of the island of Thasos" is linked to other parts of Perseus.

Use an existing link
> Click an underlined phrase to see a pop-up menu of the links from that word.

To follow the example here, choose the phrase case of the city-state of the island of Thasos.

Links in the Historical Overview are coded according to category. Links to other parts of Perseus include the Atlas, site plans, texts, and views. Links to primary texts are indicated by the standard or Perseus canonical system of abbreviations, which includes the author, work, and references to the book, chapter, and line, as applicable. Appendix B contains the standard system of abbreviations used in the Historical Overview links.

A pop-up menu for the linked text is depicted below (figure 6.3). The phrase in this figure is linked to a Primary Text, the Atlas, two Views, a Site and the Browsing Tool.

Figure 6.3 Pop-up menu for linked text.

> Choose a link from the pop-up menu.

Try each available link in this example. To keep the Overview window open while linking with a resource, hold the shift key down while releasing the mouse. Please remember to close the recently-opened window when moving on.

> Click the Go Back icon on the Navigator Palette to return to the Historical Overview card from Primary Text or the Atlas. Close an image by clicking the box in the upper-left corner.

Try your own link
As with almost all of the Perseus resources, you can explore the relations of narrative, primary texts, maps, and images by using the Lookup tool.

> Use the Lookup tool to find links of your own.

Click Hide Links/Unlock Text on the same topic described in the above example (9.1.5, The Rebellion of Thasos) so that you can select text. Highlight the word Thasos in the ninth line of text.

From the Links Menu, choose Lookup.

Because you have activated this choice on the Links Menu while a word was selected in your current location, Perseus has entered the selected text into the Lookup tool. Press Return, and in a few seconds, you will see a list of links for Thasos within Perseus (figure 6.4). Select a line to go to its link.

Figure 6.4 Lookup tool showing possible links for "Thasos."

For more information on the Lookup tool, see chapter 4.5. Click the Go Back arrow on the Navigator Palette to return to your place in the Historical Overview. You may need to click several times, slowly.

Another way to make a link is with the English Index. Again, highlight Thasos from the text of the Historical Overview. Choose English Index from the Links menu. The English Index will make the search for you. Link to an item from the results field by selecting it and clicking the Go There button. For more information on the English Index, see chapter 5.3.


6.2 ESSAYS & CATALOGS

Perseus includes several essays on art, archaeology, the Athenian court system, biographies, music and regions of Greece. Some of the essays were commissioned by the Perseus Project and written by scholars with a particular area of expertise. Others were prepared independently of Perseus for publication in other sources. All the scholarly works have integral ties to the Perseus resources, such as text citations and object descriptions.

Each essay consists of two parts, a table of contents and a narrative section. Within the narrative, underlined words indicate a direct link to another part of Perseus. You can select the underlined words and choose a menu item from the Links menu to go directly to the reference. Advance from page to page in the Essays by clicking the Go Forward arrow on the Navigator Palette.

In the Historical Overview links are made from a pop-up menu; in the Essays and Catalogs, links to other Perseus resources are made by clicking an illustration or selecting text.

To open this resource, click the Essays & Catalogs icon on the Gateway or choose Essays & Catalogs from the Links menu.

6.2.1 GREEK VASE PAINTERS

The six vase painter essays share an identical interface. Links and buttons in the Kleophrades Panter essay are described below; the other essays behave similarly.
Kleophrades Painter
The Kleophrades Painter essay was written by Michael Padget. Like the Historical Overview, the other essays in Perseus are indexed by a table of contents. Figure 6.5 shows the Table of Contents for The Kleophrades Painter essay.

Figure 6.5 Kleophrades Painter essay Table of Contents.

> Selelct an item in the Table of Contents to see that topic.

To follow the example here, select Stylistic Characteristics from the Table of Contents. The essay topic appears (figure 6.6). Note the three buttons in the upper right: Table of Contents, Hide Illustrations, and Find Text. Clicking Table of Contents returns you to the Table of Contents of the essay. To return to the Essays & Catalogs Index, release the mouse on the item Essays & Catalogs under the Links menu.

Figure 6.6 Kleophrades Painter essay.

The button Hide Illustrations toggles to Show Illustrations when you click it. This button either hides or shows the illustrations field at the bottom of the card.The illustrations are indicated in the text by ill. 7, ill. 8, etc., and correspond to the same illustration numbers in the field at the bottom. Note that the accession number and a short description are also given. To see the view of an illustration, click it. You can put the credits window and the image away by clicking in the box in the upper left.

Note that illustrations field will be empty if no illustrations are mentioned in the text.

Find Text is a utility for finding a word or phrase in the body of the essay. Click the button Find Text and enter a word or phrase. Click Search, and Perseus will find the first instance of the word or phrase. Click Cancel if you change your mind.

There are many other references in the essay to vases and secondary sources. Those which are underlined indicate links within Perseus to specific vases and to the Sources Used stack. You can recognize vases because their references begin with the collection name, such as Boston, Munich, and so on. To see one of these reference links, select it then choose the Lookup tool from the Links menu.

Other Vase Painting essays in Perseus.
Other vase painting essays in Perseus 2.0 include the Harrow Painter, with a note on the Geras Painter, written by Michael Padget, the Douris essay, written by Diana Buitron, the Phintias and Euthymides essay, written by Jenifer Neils, the Achilles Painter essay, written by John Oakley, and the Group of Polygnotos essay, written by Susan Matheson.

These essays work in the same way as The Kleophrades Painter essay. They are indexed by a table of contents. Click illustrations in the field at the bottom to see them. Other links are also available to the Vase catalog and the Sources Used stack.

6.2.2 CASKEY-BEAZLEY VASE CATALOGS

In 1931-63, L.D. Caskey and J.D. Beazley published catalogs describing Attic vase paintings in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. This work has remained a valuable reference for any study of Greek vase painting. All of the 176 vases described by Caskey and Beazley are in the Perseus vase catalog.

The first card in this stack is the Table of Contents (figure 6.7). Select a vase from this list by scrolling down to locate the vase you want, then clicking once on the line describing it. The program will search for that vase and take you to the catalog card where its description starts.

Figure 6.7 Caskey & Beazley Table of Contents.

The catalog cards contain five buttons, upper right, and are divided into three parts: a top area containing navigation and display tools, a central area where the catalog text is displayed, and a bottom area listing the available views of the vase (figure 6.8). This bottom part can be hidden or displayed by clicking once on the Hide Views/Show Views button.

Figure 6.8 Caskey-Beazley catalog. Note the Hide/Show Views button is toggled to show Views.

Clicking on the Table of Contents button returns you to the table of contents.

The Vase Catalog button provides a link to the full Perseus vase catalog (of which Views is the bottom part).

> To go to the Vase Catalog card, select an underlined vase reference (i.e., Boston 01.8025) and click the mouse on the Vase Catalog button.

Bibliographical references contained in the Perseus Bibliography are usually cited in an abbreviated form and underlined. Examples may be seen in the next card of the Caskey-Beazley catalog, Additional Bibliography.

> To look up any underlined bibliographic references, select the reference where it appears in the catalog, (e.g., Buitron 1972) then choose Sources Used from the Links menu.

Finally, it is possible to move around the Caskey-Beazley catalog by typing one of three possible citation systems into the dialog window brought up by the Go To button.

> To go to the Caskey-Beazley card containing the Kneeling Silen, click the Go To button and type in the Caskey-Beazley Number (No. 6), the Caskey-Beazley Volume and Page (Vol. i p. 6) or the Accession Number (Boston 10.212)

6.2.3 SCULPTURE ESSAY

"One Hundred Greek Sculptors: Their Career and Extant Works" is excerpted from Andrew S. Stewart's Greek Sculpture, an Exploration, Volume 1 (Yale University Press, 1990).

The Stewart Scupture essay is indexed by a Table of Contents. From the Table of Contents, click the topic 2. THE LITERARY SOURCES to follow the example below (figure 6.9).

Figure 6.9 Stewart sculpture essay.

Two buttons appear, upper right. To return to the Table of Contents for the essay, click Table of Contents. Find Text is a utility for finding a word or phrase in the body of the essay. Click the button Find Text and enter a word or phrase. Click Search, and Perseus will find the first instance of the word or phrase. Click Cancel if you change your mind.

Available links within Perseus are to the Sculpture catalog, Primary Texts and Sources Used. The links are indicated by an underlined references in the text, which you must select. Now choose the appropriate item from the Links menu, i.e., Primary Texts, Sculpture or Sources Used.

Advance or turn back from page to page using the Forward and Backward arrows on the Navigator Palette.

6.2.4 HISTORICAL ESSAY

The historical essay "Three Court Days" was written by Alan L. Boegehold. The essay is substantially a chapter (without the footnotes) in The Athenian Agora, Volume 28, The Lawcourts at Athens: Sites, Buildings, Equipment, Procedure, and Testimonia by Alan L. Boegehold with contributions by John McK. Camp II, Margaret Crosby, Mabel Lang, David R. Jordan and Rhys F.Townsend, (American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 1995).

The essay provides three accounts of the way a trial may have occurred on three separate occasions in a span of one hundred and forty years. The days fall within the periods 460 to 410 (roughly), 409-340, and 340 (roughly) to 322.

"Three Court Days" works in the same way as vase painting essays in Perseus. It is indexed by a table of contents. Click topic lines to see the body of the essay. Within the body of the essay, paragraphs are shown on separate cards. They are titled by paragraph number within each of the six sections. For example, Paragraph 4.13 is the thirteenth paragraph within section 4. To go to the next paragraph within this section, use the forward arrow on the Navigator Palette. To go to the beginning of the section, click its title in the field above the text. Click the Table of Contents button in the upper right to return to the topic list.

At certain points in the essay there are references to texts in Perseus. These references are indicated by an underline (figure 6.10). To go directly to a text reference, highlight the text, then choose Lookup from the Links menu and press Return. Remember that you can open the text reference in a new window by holding the shift key down while choosing an item from the Links menu. (The Settings option lets you specify whether windows will be opened as an addition or replacement to the current window. Holding the shift key down while you click temporarily reverses this choice.)

Figure 6.10 Text references in Three Court Days.


6.3 ART & ARCHAEOLOGY

Perseus contains information, illustrations, and images about the art and archaeology of ancient Greece. The Art & Archaeology resource is the main repository for this information, although relevant entries are also found in the essays, the Encyclopedia, and other resources in Perseus. Information is contained in five catalogs: Sites, Architecture, Sculpture, Pottery, and Coins. Each catalog is organized according to a structure based on the unique characteristics of its objects. For example, Architecture is indexed by site, building type, period, and date, while Coins are indexed by collection, mint, region, issuing authority, denomination, period and date.

All objects in the Art & Archaeology catalogs are documented in text and visual formats. Each object is documented according to the best information available. Not all characteristics are known for all objects, however, and so there are sometimes blanks. Again, dates identified for archaeological objects are approximate. Each entry is accompanied by color photographs and illustrated site plans, as applicable. The catalogs are also linked with one another. For example, the Sculpture catalog indicates the building on which a sculpture is located, and the Architecture catalog indicates the site at which the building is located.

The Browser (described in chapter 5.1) provides a primary point of entry to the Art & Archaeology catalogs. The Browser searches for objects by attribute or keyword and summarizes the results of the search in textual and visual formats. From the Browser you can investigate individual objects in detail by opening the Art & Archaeology catalogs. You may also use the catalog indexes and the Links menu to open the Art & Archaeology catalogs.

6.3.1 ART & ARCHAEOLOGY INDEX

The Art & Archaeology Index is accessible by clicking the Art & Archaeology icon on the Perseus Gateway. The catalogs and indexes of Art & Archaeology are presented in a scrolling text field (figure 6.11).

Figure 6.11 Art & Archaeology Index.

> Click an index name under one of the Art & Archaeology catalogs.

Perseus displays a detailed index of the resources available for the selected category. For example, if you clicked "Index by region" under the category Sites, a detailed index of sites sorted by region appears.

6.3.2 SITES

Site Indexes
Sites are indexed in three ways: by region, type, and period. All sites are also listed alphabetically. The description here uses the Index by region as an example. Regions encompass cities or sites that may have belonged to different political units at different times. Assignment of cities and sites to regions follows accepted conventions for the classical period.

> From the Gateway, click the Art & Archaeology icon, then click Index by region under the topic Sites. Or choose Sites from the Links menu, then choose the item Region from the Index Type pop-up menu.

Perseus displays a more detailed index that shows the list of sites in the left column. On any of the detailed index displays, the list in the left column is based on the type of index selected, which is indicated by the icon and title at the top of the display. The detailed index for sites listed by region is depicted below (figure 6.12).

Figure 6.12 Site Index by Region.

> Choose a different index from the Index Type pop-up menu.

Try the other three indexes. Return to Index by Region to follow the rest of this description, which will use the site at Delphi by way of example.

> Scroll down and click Phocis under the region list in the left column.

The left column lists regions. The right column lists the sites in the selected region, Phocis. The name of the selected region appears above the right column.

The sites are listed in two categories: Documented Sites and Photographs Only. Documented Sites means that the site has a full catalog entry. Photographs Only means that the catalog entry has only a Site Summary, blank except for region information. Undocumented sites are included to provide access to Perseus images of these sites.

> Click Delphi under the site list in the right column.

For sites listed under Documented, the full catalog entry consists of a Site Summary and a Site Description.

Site Summary
Perseus displays a Summary of the selected site.

The Site Summary for Delphi is depicted below (figure 6.13). The name of this site is displayed above the site information.

Figure 6.13 Site Catalog card containing Summary for Delphi.

Plans and views
Site plans and photographic views accompany the sites. Large and small composite site plans are described later in this chapter. Views are described immediately below.

The views are digitized images or videodisc still-frames, depending on your Perseus Settings and your equipment. The views available for the selected site are listed alphabetically below the site information. The number of views available is also displayed.

> Click a view to see a digitized or videodisc image.

Your Perseus Settings (available from the Gateway) control the display of digitized images, videodisc images, or both. Image credits appear in a floating window that can be closed or repositioned on the screen. Settings are described in general in chapter 4.2 and in detail in chapter 10.5.

> Click the close box of the image, upper left, if you are using digitized images.

NOTE: The images are not stored in HyperCard and therefore should be treated differently from other Perseus elements. In particular, you must click the close box to remove an image. If the window is not active, click in the title bar. If you use the Navigator while an image window is open, Perseus will respond, but you will be unable to see the response if the image window is covering the active HyperCard window.

Thumbs
> Click Thumbs, upper right, to see the visual summary of views available for Delphi.

One hundred twenty views are available for Delphi. The Thumbnail Browser shows miniature images of the available views. The Thumbnail Browser is described in chapter 5.2.

Description
> Click Description to see a more detailed article for this site (figure 6.14).

When Perseus displays the article, the name of this button changes to Summary. Click Summary to return to the Summary on the Site Catalog card. Clicking Index returns you to the Site Index.

Figure 6.14 Site Description for Delphi.

The name of the site is displayed above the description. The description of the site includes, as applicable, information on its physical characteristics, history, and excavation. Sources and general bibliographic information are included, as applicable.

Direct links to other Perseus material are indicated in the description by underlined references. Many references are to primary texts, showing the author's name and the abbreviated text citation. Other references are sources cited for the description.

To use these links, select the underlined reference, choose the Lookup tool from the Links menu and press Return. References to Primary Texts will go directly to the text. For other Perseus resources (for example, the reference to Leekley and Efstratiou 1980) highlight the text, choose Lookup from the Links menu, press Return and click on the results in the right column.

Index
> Click Index to return to the Site Index.

> Click the Go Back arrow on the Navigator Palette to return to the Site Summary for Delphi.

SMALL SITE PLAN

The list of plans and views may include a small site plan for the selected site. Some small site plans show the evolution of the site through different phases. The example below assumes that you are starting at the Site Summary for Delphi.

> Click Overview plan of site (sm.) in the list of Plans & Views to see a small-scale overview plan of Delphi.

The small site plan for Delphi is depicted below (figure 6.15). Drawing credits appear in a floating window that can be closed or repositioned on the screen.

Figure 6.15 Schematic plan of site (Delphi).

Plan Menu
The Plan Menu appears in the menu bar, to the right of the Links and Perseus menus, when you are looking at a small plan. The Plan Menu for the small site plan has one option.

> Choose Site Catalog from the Plan Menu to see the Site Summary.

> Click the Go Back arrow on the Navigator Palette to return to the small site plan.

Construction Phases
On some site plans, a button appears which links to views showing the evolution of the site through maps of different phases of construction. (Some sites, e.g. Athens, may have more than one such button.)

> Click the button Sanctuary Phases to bring up a Composite Site Plan. Now choose one of the items from the pop-up menu Construction Phases. The plan shows the layout of the site during the selected phase (figure 6.16).

Figure 6.16 Site Plan of Delphi ca. 500-450 B.C. with Construction Phase pop-up menu.

LARGE SITE PLAN

A large site plan for the selected site may be available from the list of plans and views.

Return to the Site Catalog card for Delphi by releasing the mouse on the item Site Catalog under the Plan menu. From the Site Catalog card click Overview of site (lg.).

The large site plan is a large, detailed plan. The large site plan uses a scroll window, a Plan Menu, and active areas on the plan that can be clicked for more information. The large site plan for Delphi is depicted below (figure 6.17).

Figure 6.17 Large site plan for Delphi showing scrolling window and "active" sanctuary of Apollo (see Identify Architecture on Site Plan, below).

A caption appears in a floating window that can be closed or repositioned on the screen.
Scroll Window
A second floating window, the scroll window, appears with a small rectangle that indicates the relation of the current screen to the full size of the large site plan.

> Move the rectangle to move around the full map window. (Place the cursor in the center of the rectangle and drag it to a new location.)

> Resize the current map window to increase or decrease the map size. (Place the cursor near an edge or corner of the rectangle and drag it to resize the rectangle.)

If necessary, review the information in chapter 4.1 about the scroll window.

Plan Menu
The Plan Menu appears in the menu bar, to the right of the Links and Perseus menus, when you are viewing a site plan. The Plan Menu for the large site plan has four items.
Show Image Buttons/Hide Image Buttons
Image buttons can be displayed on a dimmed image of the site plan to indicate views. These image buttons correspond to particular vantage points in the Site Plan that are captured in digitized or videodisc images. The direction of the arrow on the image buttons indicates the perspective from which the original photograph was made.

The first item is Show Image Buttons (or Go to Plan with Image Buttons, depending whether image buttons are available for the current Site Plan). This item toggles to Hide Image Buttons, which you can use if you want to put the Image Buttons away.

> Choose Show Image Buttons from the Plan Menu.

Image credits appear in a floating window that can be closed or repositioned on the screen. If you are viewing a digitized image, you must click the close box to remove the image.

Small Site Plan
> Choose Small Site Plan from the Plan Menu to go directly to a small plan of the site.
Site Description
> Choose Site Description from the Plan Menu to go directly to the Summary on the Site catalog card.
Show Scroll Window
The final menu item is Show Scroll Window, which will recall the scroll window if it is not there.

> Choose Show Scroll Window from the Plan Menu to make the scroll window appear.

Identify Architecture on Site Plan
The site plans are closely linked to the Architecture resources in Perseus.

> Move the mouse over a building in the large site plan you wish to explore. If the building is active, i.e., if there are links to an architectural plan and description, the building will become highlighted (figure 6.17). Click on the building to bring up the further information.

If the image buttons are showing, this feature will be inoperative. Choose Hide Image Buttons from the Plan menu.

If the building is in the Perseus Architecture catalog, a dialog box appears showing the name of the building and site, with the choices to see a plan for that building, see a catalog article for the building, or cancel. Not every building at a site is cataloged.

NOTE: A quick way to find out which buildings on a site plan are active is to simultaneously depress the option and command keys. Active areas are surrounded by a gray rectangle. Release these keys before you click the building.

6.3.3 ARCHITECTURE

Architecture is indexed in five ways: all buildings and by site, building type, period, and date. The description here uses the Index by building type as an example.

ARCHITECTURE INDEX

> Click Index by building type under the category Architecture on the Art & Archaeology Index.

Perseus displays an alphabetical list of building types in the left column. The detailed index for architecture listed by building types is depicted below (figure 6.18).

Figure 6.18 Detailed index for architecture listed by building types.

> Choose a different index from the Index Type pop-up menu.

Try the other index types to see their detailed indexes. Return the selection to the Index by building type to follow the rest of this description.

The left column lists building types. When a building type is selected, the right column lists the sites at which this type of building is located. The number of buildings of the selected type is also displayed.

> Click Bouleuterion under the list of building types in the left column.

Ten sites with bouleuteria are listed in the right column.

> Click Olympia,Bouleuterion under the list of buildings in the right column.

The full catalog entry consists of an Architecture Catalog card with Summary and an Architecture Description.

ARCHITECTURE SUMMARY

The Architecture Summary is in a format similar to the Site Summary. The title of the article is displayed next to the Architecture icon. The Thumbs button displays the available views in the Thumbnail Browser. The Description button allows you to move from the Architecture Summary to the Architecture Description. The Index button returns you to the Architecture Index.

Architectural information for the selected building includes, as applicable, the site, date, period, and type. A summary of the building is also displayed.

Locate Building
> Click the button Locate Bldg.in the upper right to see the building in a site plan.

Perseus displays a site plan and indicates the building by flashing its location.

> Click the building to see a more detailed building plan.

A message window appears asking if you wish to see the Plan, return to the Catalog or Cancel your request. To go to the building plan, click Plan.

> Put the Plan away by clicking the close box, upper left. Click the Go Back arrow on the Navigator Palette once to return to the catalog description for the Bouleuterion in Olympia.

Plans and views
Some sites are accompanied by digitized images or videodisc still-frames, depending on your Perseus Settings and your equipment. The views available for the selected site are listed alphabetically below the site information. The number of views is also displayed.

> Click a view to see an image.

Image credits appear in a floating window that can be closed or repositioned on the screen.

> Click the close box of the image, if you are using digitized images.

NOTE: The images are not stored in HyperCard. You must click the close box to remove an image. If the window is not active, click in the title bar. If you use the Navigator while an image window is open, Perseus will respond, but you will be unable to see the response if the image window is covering the active HyperCard window.

ARCHITECTURE DESCRIPTION

The Architecture Description is in a format similar to the Site Description. The Description button displays the narrative part of the architecture article. The Index button returns you to the Architecture Index.

The description of the building includes, as applicable, information on its plan, history, construction, and dimensions. Sources and general bibliographic information are included, as applicable. Related entries in the sculpture catalog are listed under See Also.

The description may have underlined references that indicate a link elsewhere in Perseus. Many of the references are from the Sources Used stack. Others are literary references to Primary Texts. To use these links, select the underlined reference, choose the Lookup tool from the Links menu and press Return. References to Primary Texts will go directly to the text (for example, Paus. 5.10.3). For other Perseus resources (for example, the reference to Mallwitz 1972) highlight the text, choose the Lookup tool, press return and click on the results in the right column.

6.3.4 SCULPTURE

Sculpture is indexed in eight ways: by type, material, sculptor, collection, context, associated building, period, and date. Because information on each sculpture varies, not all sculptures appear on each index. It is possible to choose an index type and not see all sculptures included in Perseus. The description here uses the Index by type as an example.

SCULPTURE INDEX

> To go to the Sculpture Index from the Gateway, click the Art & Archaeology icon, then click Index by type under the topic Sculpture. Or from anywhere within Perseus, choose Sculpture from the Links menu, then choose the item Type from the Index Type pop-up menu.

Perseus displays an alphabetical list of sculpture types in the left column.

There are two ways to identify sculpture in Perseus: by title and by collection name. In many instances, figures are better known by their collection name. A Title/Catalog toggle button enables you to see sculptures listed by their title or by their catalog identification.

The detailed index for sculpture listed by sculpture types is depicted below (figure 6.19).

Figure 6.19 Detailed index for sculpture listed by sculpture types.

> Choose a different index from the Index Type pop-up menu.

Try the other index types to see their detailed indexes. Return the selection to the Index of sculptures by type to follow the rest of this description.

The left column lists sculpture types. When a sculpture type is selected, the right column lists the sculptures. The number of sculptures of the selected type is also displayed above the list of sculptures.

> Click Architectural-Metope under the list of sculpture types in the left column.

Thirty-four sculptures are listed in the right column.

> Click Olympia Metopes Overview under the list of sculptures in the right column.

The full catalog entry consists of a Sculpture Catalog card with Summary and a Sculpture Description.

SCULPTURE SUMMARY

The Sculpture Summary is in a format similar to the Site Summary. The title of the article is displayed next to the Sculpture icon. The Thumbs button displays the available views in the Thumbnail Browser. The Description button allows you to move from the Sculpture Summary to the Sculpture Description. The Index button returns you to the Sculpture Index.

Information for the selected sculpture includes the catalog number, collection, subject, material, sculptor, type, context, date, and period, as applicable.

Views
All sculptures are accompanied by digitized images or videodisc still-frames, depending on your Perseus Settings and your equipment. The views available for the selected sculpture are listed alphabetically below the sculpture information. The number of views available is also displayed at the top of the Views list.

> Click a view to see an image.

Image credits appear in a floating window that can be closed or repositioned on the screen.

> Click the close box of the image, if you are using digitized images.

NOTE: The images are not stored in HyperCard. You must click the close box to remove an image. If the window is not active, click in the title bar. If you use the Navigator while an image window is open, Perseus will respond, but you will be unable to see the response if the image window is covering the active HyperCard window.

SCULPTURE DESCRIPTION

The Sculpture Description is in a format similar to the Site Description. The Description button displays the narrative part of the sculpture article. The Index button returns you to the Sculpture Index.

The description of the sculpture includes, as applicable, information on its scale, dimensions, and collection history. Sources and general bibliographic information are also included, as applicable. Related entries in the architecture catalog are listed under See Also.

The description may have underlined references that indicate a link elsewhere in Perseus. Many of the references are from the Sources Used stack. Others are literary references to Primary Texts. To use these links, select the underlined reference, choose the Lookup tool from the Links menu and press Return. References to Primary Texts will go directly to the text (for example, Paus. 5.10.3). For other Perseus resources (for example, the reference to Mallwitz 1972) highlight the text, choose Lookup from the Links menu, press Return and click the results in the right column.

6.3.5 VASES

Pottery is indexed in eight ways: by shape, ware, painter, potter, collection, context, period, and date before and after 500 b.c. In addition to the Caskey-Beazley catalog of the vase collection of the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, additional published indexes have been incorporated into Perseus 2.0, including regional U.S. indexes by Buitron, Moon, Williams, and Shapiro; Beazley's ABV and ARV2 indexes; and the Furtwängler & Reichhold index. These special indexes are described below. Because the information known about each vase varies, not all vases appear in each index.

Vase Index
The description here uses the Index by painter as an example.

> To go to the Vase Index from the Gateway, click the Art & Archaeology icon, then click Index by painter under the topic Vases. Or from anywhere within Perseus, choose Vases from the Links menu, then choose Painter from the Index Type pop-up menu.

Perseus displays an alphabetical list of painters in the left column. The detailed index for pots listed by painter is depicted below (figure 6.20).

Figure 6.20 Detailed index for pottery listed by painter.

There are two controls, upper right. Click the button Go to Vase Publs. to go to an index of Specialized Vase Publications. Click pop-up menu Index Type for a menu of Vase Index groups.

> Choose a different index from the Index Type pop-up menu.

Try the other index types to see their detailed indexes. Return the selection to the Index of pots by painters to follow the rest of this description.

The left column lists painters. When a painter is selected, the right column lists pots by that painter. The number of pots of the selected type is also displayed above the list of pots.

> Click Achilles Painter under the list of painters in the left column.

Seventeen vases painted by Achilles Painter are listed in the right column according to the catalog label, for example, London D48.

> Click London D48 under the list of vases in the right column.

The full catalog entry consists of a Vase Catalog card with Summary and a Vase Description (figure 6.21).

Figure 6.21 Vase Catalog card.

Vase Summary
The Vase Summary is in a format similar to the Site Summary. The title of the article is displayed next to the Vase icon. The Thumbs button displays the available views in the Thumbnail Browser. The Description button allows you to move from the Vase Summary to the Vase Description. The Index button returns you to the Vase Index.

Information for the selected vase includes the catalog number, collection, ware, shape, decoration, painter, potter, date and period, as applicable.

Views
All vases are accompanied by digitized images or videodisc still-frames, depending on your Perseus Settings and your equipment. The views available for the selected vase are listed alphabetically below the information fiven in the summary. The number of views available is also displayed at the top of the Views list.

> Click a view to see an image.

Image credits appear in a floating window that can be closed or repositioned on the screen.

> Click the close box of the image, if you are using digitized images.

NOTE: The images are not stored in HyperCard. You must click the close box to remove an image. If the window is not active, click in the title bar. If you use the Navigator while an image window is open, Perseus will respond, but you will be unable to see the response if the image window is covering the active HyperCard window.

Vase Description
The Vase Description is in a format similar to the Site Description. The Description button displays the narrative part of the vase article. The Index button returns you to the Vase Index.

The description of the vase includes, as applicable, information on catalog number, decoration, ceramic phase, shape, fabric description, inscriptions, graffiti, dimensions, preservation, condition, parallels, date, collection history, primary citation, bibliography, and vase description author.

The description may have underlined references that indicate a link elsewhere in Perseus. The Pottery Descriptions have several links to the Caskey-Beazley essay. Many other references are to the Sources Used stack and to Primary Texts. To use these links, select the underlined reference, choose the Lookup tool from the Links menu and press Return. References to Primary Texts will go directly to the text (for example, Paus. 5.10.3). For other Perseus resources (for example, the reference to Mallwitz 1972) highlight the text, choose Lookup from the Links menu, press Return and click the results in the right column.

Specialized Vase Publications
Perseus 2.0 contains selections from several specialized vase publications. These are:

J.D. Beazley, Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters (Contents)

J.D. Beazley, Attic Black-Figure Vase-Painters (Page References)

J.D. Beazley, Attic Black-Figure Vase-Painters 2, Paralipomena and Addenda (Page References)

U.S. Regional Catalogs compiled by Buitron, Moon, Shipiro and Williams

Furtwängler and Reichhold Index

The specialized vase publications may be reached from the Gateway by clicking on the Art & Archaeology icon, then clicking on Vase Publications Index under the topic Vases. Or, from anywhere within Perseus, choose Vases from the Links menu, then click the button Go to Vase Publs.

Perseus will bring up the Vase Publications Index (figure 6.22).

Figure 6.22 Specialized Vase Publications Index.

> Click a heading in the Vase Publications Index to go to a Table of Contents for that topic.

> Click the button Go to Vase Index to return to the Vase Index.

Beazley, ARV2 Contents
This is a special index for the Perseus Vase Catalog that allows you access from a listing of vases according to Beazley's Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters. Figure 6.23 shows the index.

Figure 6.23 Pottery Index using Beazley ARV2.

The Perseus ARV2 Catalog displays vases by Book, Chapter and Painter. The following example will look in turn for vases in Book 1, in Chapter 1, and by the Andokides Painter.

The ARV2 Catalog as it appears in Perseus has been edited. It contains only those vases which are also in Perseus 2.0.

> To see a list of vases contained in Perseus and described in an ARV2 Book, scroll up or down the central field to see displayed all 20 books of ARV2. Click on Book 1, and a list of all 40 painters in Perseus covered by Beazley in Book 1 will appear in the field at the bottom. Also the book number and title will be displayed in the field above (figure 6.22).

Click on a vase catalog number in the field below to go to the Perseus Vase Catalog card for that vase.

> To see a list of vases contained in Perseus and described in an ARV2 Chapter, scroll up or down until you come to the desired chapter. Click Chapter 1, and a list of all 10 painters in Perseus covered by Beazley in Chapter 1 will appear in the field at the bottom. The field at the top will reflect your choice.

> To see a list of vases contained in Perseus and described in an ARV2 painter article, scroll up or down until you come to the desired painter. Click on Andokides Panter, and a list of the four vases in Perseus covered by Beazley in this article will appear in the field at the bottom. The field at the top will reflect your choice.

Beazley ABV Page References
This is a special index for the Perseus Vase Catalog that allows you to access it from a listing of vases according to Beazley's Attic Black-FigureVase-Painters. Figure 6.24 shows the index.

Figure 6.24 Beazley ABV Page References.

The ARV2 Catalog as it appears in Perseus has been edited. It contains only those vases which are also in Perseus 2.0.

> Click an ABV page reference to go to its Vase Catalog card in Perseus.

Beazley ARV2 Page References, Paralipomena Page References and Addenda Page References
These special indexes have been edited for Perseus, and they behave in the same way as the ABV Index above.
U.S. Regional Catalogs
Perseus contains four catalogs documenting regional collections in the United States. They are Diana Buitron, Attic Vase Painting in New England Collections, Warren Moon, Greek Vases in Midwestern Collections, E.R. Williams, The Archaeological Collection of the Johns Hopkins University, and H. A. Shapiro, Art, Myth, and Culture. Greek Vases from Southern Collections.

These indexes have been edited for Perseus, and they behave in the same way as the ABV Index above.

Furtwängler & Reichhold Index
This index is organized according to the plates from Griechische Vasenmalerei. You can click on a plate to see the Perseus Vase Catalog card for the associated vase (figure 6.25).

Figure 6.25 Furtwängler & Reichhold Index.

The Furtwängler & Reichhold Index has been edited for Perseus, and it behaves in the same way as the ABV Index above.

6.3.6 COINS

Coins are indexed in eight ways: by mint, metal, region, issuing authority, denomination, collection, period, and date. Issuing authority is the ruler under whose authority the coin was issued. In contrast, mint is the place where the coin was minted. If the coin was issued by an autonomous city rather than a ruler, then no issuing authority is listed (it is the same as the mint).

The description here uses the Index by mint as an example.

Coin Index
> To go to the Coin Index from the Gateway, click the Art & Archaeology icon, then click Index by mint under the topic Coins. Or from anywhere within Perseus, choose Coins from the Links menu, then choose the item Index by mint from the Index Type pop-up menu.

Perseus displays an alphabetical list of mints in the left column. The detailed index for coins listed by mint is depicted below (figure 6.26).

Figure 6.26 Detailed index for coins listed by mint.

> Choose a different index from the Index Type pop-up menu.

Try the other index types to see their detailed indexes. Return the selection to the Index by mint to follow the rest of this description.

The left column lists mints. When a mint is selected, the right column lists the coins issued by that mint. The number of coins of the selected type is also displayed.

> Scroll down and click Leukas under the list of mints in the left column.

The seven coins in Perseus issued by Leukas are listed in the right column according to the catalog label, for example, Dewing 1808.

> Click one of the coins in the right column.

The full coin description consists of a Coin Catalog card with Summary and a Coin Description.

Coin Summary
The Summary on the Coin Catalog card is in a format similar to that on the Site Catalog card. The catalog label of the coin is displayed next to the Coin icon. The Thumbs button displays the available views in the Thumbnail Browser. The Description button allows you to toggle between the Coin Summary and the Coin Description. The Index button returns you to the Coin Index.

Information for the selected coin includes the collection, metal, denomination, weight, die axis, mint, and issuing authority, as applicable. Summaries of the obverse and reverse sides and the date are also displayed.

Views
All coins are accompanied by digitized images or videodisc still-frames, depending on your Perseus Settings and your equipment. Most coins have two views: the obverse and reverse of the coin.

> Click a view to see an image.

Image credits appear in a floating window that can be closed or repositioned on the screen.

Each white or black bar on the scale at the left of the image represents actual size of one centimetre.

> Click the close box of the image, if you are using digitized images.

NOTE: The images are not stored in HyperCard. You must click the close box to remove an image. If the window is not active, click in the title bar. If you use the Navigator while an image window is open, Perseus will respond, but you will be unable to see the response if the image window is covering the active HyperCard window.

Coin Description
The Coin Description is in a format similar to the Site Description. Unlike the other archaeological objects, coin descriptions tend to be very brief. The Description button displays the descriptive part of the coin article. The Index button returns you to the Coin Index.

Go BackGo Forward